Determinants of Poll Accuracy

Sample Characteristics

• Sample size
• Sample representativeness

Survey Characteristics

• Question wording
  • Social desirability
  • Multiple stimuli, double-barrelled, or leading questions
  • Confusing question
• Question order
  • Framing effect

Respondent Characteristics

• "Non-attitudes"
• Dishonesty
• Response-set bias or response acquiescence