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- Government of states
- Problems of free-riding and coordination
- No independent source of revenue
- No direct taxing authority, entirely dependent upon the State governments to contribute
- No power over interstate and foreign commerce
- Little coordination over trade (and competition among states) meant it was difficult for the nation's economy to prosper as a whole.
- No uniform currency
- States coined their own money and regulated its supply, so values of currency varied from state to state.
- No executive or judiciary
- No coordinating authority to carry out what little authority the congress had, and disputes had to be settled in the individual state courts.
- Difficult to pass laws and amend the Articles
- 2/3rds supermajority required to pass laws, unanimous consent of all states required to amend.
- No guarantee of domestic order
- Ineffective government with little resources could do little to respond to crises.
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